Guru Tegh Bahadur contributed many hymns to Granth Sahib including the Shloks, or couplets near the end of the Guru Granth Sahib. Īs had been the custom among Sikhs after the execution of Guru Arjan by Mughal Emperor Jahangir, Guru Tegh Bahadur was surrounded by armed bodyguards. The Sangat was led by Diwan Durga Mal, and a formal tikka ceremony was performed by Baba Gurditta, elder brother of Guru Tegh Bahadur, conferring Guruship on Him. In August 1664 a Sikh Sangat arrived in Bakala and anointed Tegh Bahadur as the ninth guru of Sikhs. He began shouting from the rooftop, "Guru ladho re, Guru ladho re" meaning "I have found the Guru, I have found the Guru". Makhan Shah Labana forthwith made good the difference and ran upstairs. Tegh Bahadur gave him his blessings and remarked that his offering was considerably short of the promised five hundred. Labana gifted Tegh Bahadur the usual offering of two gold coins. Then he discovered that Tegh Bahadur also lived at Bakala. Every "guru" he met accepted the two gold coins and bid him farewell. He went from one claimant to the next making his obeisance and offering two gold coins to each Guru, believing that the right guru would know that his silent promise was to gift 500 coins for his safety. A wealthy trader, Baba Makhan Shah Labana, had once prayed for his life and had promised to gift 500 gold coins to the Sikh Guru if he survived. Sikh tradition has a myth concerning the manner in which Tegh Bahadur was selected as the ninth guru. Sikhs were puzzled to see so many claimants. Taking advantage of the ambiguity in the words of the dying Guru, many installed themselves in Bakala, claiming themselves as the new Guru. When asked by his followers who would lead them after him, he replied Baba Bakala, meaning his successor was to be found in Bakala. In March 1664 Guru Har Krishan contracted smallpox. After Guru Hargobind's death, Tegh Bahadur continued to live in Bakala with his wife and mother. Bakala, as described in Gurbilas Dasvin Patshahi, was then a prosperous town with many beautiful pools, wells, and baolis. In the 1640s, nearing his death, Guru Hargobind and his wife Nanki moved to his ancestral village of Bakala in Amritsar district, together with Tegh Bahadur and Mata Gujri. Tegh Bahadur was married on 3 February 1632 to Mata Gujri. He preferred prolonged spells of seclusion and contemplation. He was also taught the old classics such as the Vedas, the Upanishads, and the Puranas. Guru Tegh Bahadur was brought up in the Sikh culture and trained in archery and horsemanship. As the seat of the Sikh Gurus, and with its connection to Sikhs in far-flung areas of the country through the chains of Masands or missionaries, it had developed the characteristics of the state capital. Īmritsar at that time was the center of the Sikh faith. He came to be known by the name Tegh Bahadur (Mighty of the Sword), given to him by Guru Hargobind after he had shown his valor in a battle against the Mughals. Tyaga Mal was born in Amritsar in the early hours of 1 April 1621. Guru Tegh Bahadur was the youngest son of Guru Hargobind, the sixth guru: Guru Hargobind had one daughter, Bibi Viro, and five sons: Baba Gurditta, Suraj Mal, Ani Rai, Atal Rai, and Tyaga Mal. His martyrdom is remembered as the Shaheedi Divas of Guru Tegh Bahadur every year on 24 November, according to the Nanakshahi calendar released by the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee in 2003. Sikh holy premises Gurudwara Sis Ganj Sahib and Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib in Delhi mark the places of execution and cremation of Guru Tegh Bahadur. Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed on the orders of Aurangzeb, the sixth Mughal emperor, in Delhi, India. Considered a principled and fearless warrior, he was a learned spiritual scholar and a poet whose 115 hymns are included in Sri Guru Granth Sahib, the main text of Sikhism. He was born in Amritsar, Punjab, India in 1621 and was the youngest son of Guru Hargobind, the sixth Sikh guru. Guru Tegh Bahadur ( Punjabi: ਗੁਰੂ ਤੇਗ਼ ਬਹਾਦਰ ( Gurmukhi) Punjabi pronunciation: 1 April 1621 – 11 November 1675) was the ninth of ten Gurus who founded the Sikh religion and the leader of Sikhs from 1665 until his beheading in 1675.
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